These techniques involve a problem, in that the ratio of the shape data reflected in each phase needs to be adjusted differently (Shin et al. Polygons near the morphing points are morphed to form an average shape so that the empty space between the template shell and the reference shell can be filled. The morphing techniques have been used the most in the following way. Statistics-based methods and 2D silhouette images-based methods have limitations in modeling 3D models since the human body involves a wide variety of 3D shape-related factors. 2001 Seo & Magnenat-Thalmann 2004 Shin et al. The existing 3D modeling methods currently used in apparel field are statistics-based methods, 2D silhouette images-based methods, and morphing techniques (Allen et al. The modeling technology can be utilized to create a parametric 3D body model, and further to generate customized 2D apparel patterns by unfolding 3D body surface. Recently, the 3D modeling is also important in the apparel discipline such as garment pattern making and production process. The 3D modeling of the human body has played an essential role in computer animation, biomedical analysis and human-centric product development (Chu et al. Each process was incorporated into commands available in the Rhino interface, and this automation allowed a number of 3D body shape modeling operations to be implemented in a significantly reduced time period. It was found that the deviation was less than 1 cm, which indicates the validity of the 3D modeling approach applied in the present study. As a way to verify the average model’s size and shape, the girth measurements of the samples for each body type were averaged, and the results were compared with those of the 3D average body shape. A Grasshopper algorithm was formulated to automatically execute all procedures that had to be repeatedly performed. To execute the automated process of generating an average 3D model of their lower bodies in a step-by-step manner, the following procedures were performed: (1) Determine the main reference lines on the 3D-scanned lower bodies, including six horizontal reference lines and six vertical reference lines (2) Create horizontal and vertical line grids and intersection points (3) Generate an average 3D model in a position that corresponds to the average coordinates of the intersection points (vertex coordinates) of seven samples for each body type.

First, we categorized men aged 36 to 55 years included in SizeUSA 3D data into the three body types (normal, overweight, and obese), and selected seven samples in each body type. The aim of this study is to develop an automated process for modeling average 3D human body according to body types using both NUBRS-based modeling software Rhinoceros 3D® (Rhino) and Grasshopper as an algorithm editor.

Body visual 3d